A significant therapeutic potential exists for human plasma proteins. Although there are presently a number of plasma-derived therapies available, many more are still in the clinical and preclinical development stages. For people with uncommon disorders, these goods provide potential remedies. However, historically, the capacity of manufacturers to quickly separate and purify every protein present in plasma has been constrained by conventional production methods. In 2020, the market for plasma protein therapeutics was worth USD 25.4 billion. By 2030, it is anticipated to reach $50.4 billion, reflecting a 7.1% CAGR.
However, an exciting potential to further the development of both current and unique new plasma-derived medicines and to upend the worldwide market is being created by a new, creative production process based on expanded bed chromatography.
Healthy Plasma Proteins for Homo sapiens
Red blood cells (44%), white blood cells, and platelets make up the remaining components of human blood, with plasma making up roughly 55% of its volume (1%). Plasma transports cells as well as crucial nutrients and other substances required by cells. Plasma is mostly composed of water (92%) and other substances such as enzymes, antibodies, and other proteins (7%), as well as salts and other solutions (1%). Thus, it is crucial for several crucial physiological processes, including blood coagulation and immunological responses.
Despite the fact that human blood plasma contains tens of thousands of different proteins, some of the most important therapeutic proteins are immunoglobulins, albumin, clotting factors like FVIII, FIX, fibrinogen, and prothrombin, as well as C-1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) and alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor.
Uses for Plasma Proteins in Medicine
The isolation and utilization of plasma proteins as therapies for the treatment of various disorders has been pursued for decades due to their significance in numerous crucial physiological processes. In order to create therapies that treat a variety of diseases, including immune deficiencies, autoimmune and neurological disorders, haemophilia, infectious diseases, trauma, burns, and shock, source (collected through plasmapheresis) and recovered (collected through whole blood donation) plasma is both used. Many of these disorders that are treated with plasma-derived medicines are rare conditions that do not respond well to conventional therapies.
In terms of global market consumption, immunoglobulins (IgGs), human serum albumin (HSA), and plasma-derived factor VIII are three of the most significant plasma proteins (pdFVIII). According to the Marketing Research Bureau, immunoglobulins held the top spot in 2019 and accounted for $8.1 billion out of the $12.2 billion market for plasma-derived therapies in the United States (MRB). 1 Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), hyperimmune globulins (HIG), various coagulation factors, fibrinogen, and C1-INH are additional plasma proteins that are significant from a therapeutic standpoint.
One of the most predominant plasma proteins is albumin. It was created as a treatment for cardiac surgery patients as well as those suffering from liver illness, acute infections, shock, and serious burns since it maintains blood volume, & pressure as well as performs several critical activities.
CONCLUSION
Although it was once believed that plasma derivatives would soon become obsolete, since that time, only three plasma proteins have been approved for therapeutic usage. Considering that plasma derivatives can currently meet safety requirements comparable to those of recombinant goods, the current scenario favors a revaluation of these products. Human blood provides an additional cost benefit over biotechnological sources since it enables the manufacture of numerous medicinal proteins from a single source. This offers an advantageous starting point for investigating the various plasma proteins’ untapped therapeutic potential.
